Alois Melichar (18 April 1896, in Vienna – 9 April 1976, in Munich) was an Austrian conductor, music critic, film music composer, and arranger. He was a student of Joseph Marx at the Vienna Academy of Music, then of Franz Schreker at the Hochschule für Musik in Berlin, but later became increasingly culturally conservative. He composed music for several films during the Nazi period. After World War II Melichar became increasingly polemic in his attacks on modern music. His pamphlets include Die unteilbare Musik ("Indivisible music" 1952), Musik in der Zwangsjacke ("Music in the Straitjacket" 1958), and Schönberg und die Folgen ("Schoenberg and his Consequences" 1960).