Rudolf Tobias (29 May [O.S. 17 May] 1873 in Selja, Käina Parish, Estonia, Russian Empire – 29 October 1918 Berlin, Germany) was the first Estonian professional composer, as well as a professional organist. He studied at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory. His compositions include among others piano works, string quartets and an oratorio, Des Jona Sendung (Jonah's Mission) (1908, revised and premiered 1909, later reconstructed by Vardo Rumessen).