Johann Philipp Neumann (27 December 1774 – 3 October 1849) was an Austrian physicist, librarian and poet. Born in Trebitsch in Moravia, he completed his studies at the University of Vienna. In 1803, he was appointed as a professor of physics at his local lyceum. He was transferred to the University of Graz in 1806, where he became a rector in 1811. In 1815, he was appointed as a professor at the Polytechnic Institute in Vienna (now the Vienna University of Technology). He founded a library here in 1816, which he directed until 1845. He retired in 1844, and died in Vienna in 1849.